From “Essays On Social Psychology”
http://users.erols.com/gberry/socpsych/socpsychessays.htm
SECORD, P.F.:
Love, misogyny, and feminism in selected historical period: A social-psychological explanation.
Merton and Stinchcombe asserted that in making choices, individuals choose "between socially structured alternatives." For those of us who may have wondered what this means, the Secord piece provides an illustration. In examining the relationship between men and women in a number of countries with high and low ratios of men to women, Secord came upon an interesting phenomenon: whereas the way men related to women seemed to vary systematically with the sex-ratio (the value and respect accorded women was positively related to the ratio of men to women), the way women related to men seemed to be unaffected by the sex-ratio. When they outnumbered women, the men wanted to settle down and become good husbands and fathers; but when there was an excess of women, the men felt the need to play in the field where they could sow wild oats. Women, on the other hand, didn't experience a similar Jeckyll and Hyde transformation. The question is why not.
As Secord explains, it is not that women are less adept than men in using their favorable position to gain maximum advantage. Rather, it is because men have two power resources, but women have only one. "Dyadic" power, borrowed from social exchange theory, pertains to the power that one party to a relationship has over the other. Both men and women, in principle, possess this type of power. In fact, when men are in the preferred position, this is the power source that men use to extract concessions from women. But when women have the upper hand, or dyadic power, men change the rules of the games and employ their "structural" power to overcome the dyadic power of women. Structural power is vastly superior to dyadic power since the latter exists only between the parties to the immediate relationship. Structural power, on the other hand, operates on the entire system of economic, political, legal, moral, and social arrangements in which any particular dyadic relationship takes place. Structural power includes the power to define what is good and evil, right and wrong, proper and inappropriate.